Definition
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is the standard communication protocol for sending email messages between servers. When you send an email, your mail client connects to an SMTP server, which then routes the message to the recipient's mail server. SMTP uses specific commands (HELO, MAIL FROM, RCPT TO, DATA) and response codes (like 250 for success, 550 for failure). Understanding SMTP is essential for troubleshooting delivery issues and interpreting bounce messages.
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